ELLRefresher

Wait Time (and Wait Time Two) Definition: Wait Time is the practice of allowing more than a few seconds of silence for students to prepare responses, raise their hand, and provide answers. Wait Time Two is the practice of allowing more time for more further responses. Purposes: To increase participation To increase the quality of responses To develop listening skills To develop speaking skills Step 1. Ask a question to your students. Step 2. Wait a minimum of 5-7 seconds. Feel free to wait as many as 15 seconds. Allow the silence to soak in. Use that silence to convince students to respond. Step 3. If there is no response after ~10-15 seconds, call on a student to answer. Give the student time to speak without rushing. Step 4. Wait another 5-10 seconds. Step 5. Call upon a different student to respond. This strategy merely allows students more time than normal to provide responses. Some students need a little more time to formulate responses. By simply all

Teach the Text Backwards Definition: A technique for sequencing the class structure in which the application of the concept occurs before the discussion or learning about the concept. Purposes: To increase reading comprehension To develop background knowledge To highlight future concepts To highlight future vocabulary   The order of operations for this technique are as follows: Begin with an application activity--usually textbooks suggest activities to ask the students to do after they have learned the content. By providing the activity first, we are giving the student a concrete, relatable experience to reference during future lessons. Introduce concepts during the activity--provide the vocabulary while doing the activity. Mention the main concepts during the activity. Let there be a multi-modal connection to the content. Discuss the concepts of the vocabulary--have students talk/write about their experiences and how the concept relates to it. Have the students r